The European Court of Human Rights delivered its long-awaited first ruling in the climate action case Verein KlimaSeniorinnen Schweiz v. Switzerland, finding that the European Convention on Human Rights encompasses the right to effective protection from adverse effects of climate change.

The first phase of the European Union’s Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism has taken effect. The new rules aim to ensure EU businesses are not disadvantaged by the bloc’s ambitious decarbonization efforts.

On Tuesday, the Council of the European Union supported a “general approach” to advance a proposed EU carbon border adjustment mechanism to a vote in the European Parliament. The Council’s vote backs the proposed regulation’s framework, but leaves some details to further deliberation.

The European Union’s executive branch, the European Commission, last week unveiled its ‘Fit for 55’ climate plan: an ambitious set of policy and regulatory proposals aimed at lowering the bloc’s net emissions by “at least” 55% by 2030 compared to 1990 levels. In this piece, we’ve put together an overview of the plan’s principal components.

A Belgian court ruled last week that in failing to meet its emission-reduction targets, the nation’s federal government, and three regional governments, violated Belgian civil law and the European Convention on Human Rights.

If implemented, EU carbon border adjustments would place a duty on imports from jurisdictions lacking a sufficient price on carbon emissions. This would protect European industries subject to the bloc’s carbon pricing system from competition with producers in countries with weaker environmental laws, as well as ‘leakage’, wherein businesses relocate operations to environmentally lax jurisdictions to increase cost competitiveness (i.e., ‘offshoring pollution’).

On July 31st, Ireland’s Supreme Court held that the Irish government’s current climate plan failed to meet the requirements set out in the statutory Climate Action and Low Carbon Development Act of 2015. The ruling will require the government to (a) revise its plan to realise greater near-term emission reductions, and (b) better specify how Ireland will achieve the Act’s long-term objective of net zero carbon emissions by 2050.